Hi ajb95,
This is fun, hope you are enjoying it too.
Possible foul on Sterling - I hope I have been careful enough not to claim that this is definitely a foul, I happen to think it was but I am also aware that I don't have enough evidence to be certain. However, the converse of that, which I was trying to demostrate is that I don't see any evidence either for such a definite statement of apparent fact as "Because he fell over like he’s been shot - never enough contact for a penalty!", even to the exc!amation mark at the end. If you had put a question mark at the end or if you had softened it with something like "Perhaps Michael Oliver thought ....", I might not have reacted. We are entitled to our opinions but not to state opinions as fact.
Handball.
1. It hit bernarndo’s arm first
I don't think that this relevant except that a goal should not result from the deflection, and as I said earlier I'd consider that a penalty could not be awarded for that reason. However, that does not give the defender carte blanche to handle the ball.
You seem to have changed your position from the original post
"if you have a look at the freeze frame as it hits Bernardo you can see TAA arm is already out poised to defend."
to
2. As the ball hits Bernardo TAA is getting himself poised into a defensive position ready to deal with what aguero does. His arm has to come out to the side to give him balance and leverage - one cannot move with arms by ones side - IMO there isn’t anywhere else his arm can go in this situation. it was just unfortunate that half a second maybe less later, the ball comes into contact with his arm at that point.
I'm not sure what leverage he can obtain from an arm in mid air, however more to the point;
Elsewhere reference has been made to
Aguero's arms being similarly positioned to TAA's, let's look:

In this case the centre image is the last image from the previous set with the top image being the frame before it and the bottom image being just affter the ball has struck TAA's arm.
Note that Aguero's arm is extended in the top frame and possibly in the path of the ball but in the next frame he has withdrawn it completing the withdrawl in the bottom frame. Two points, firstly he doesn't fall over suggesting that it is possible to pull an arm in without losing balance and secondly Aguero is closer to the ball than TAA and if he has time to remove his arm so can TAA.
As an aside I note that TAA has a bit of "previous" on using his arms in games against Newcastle and Porto - perhaps he would be advised to be more careful as his luck might run out.
The Manchester Evening News uses images from a slightly different angle to make the same point about TAA's hand moving into the path of the ball.
https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/var-liverpool-handball-alexander-arnold-17242608Mention has been made of a silhouette - this seems to have been an unhelpful introduction by David Elleray who referred to a silhouette without describing what it should look like. However, I would guess that if you took the silhouette of TAA as the ball reaches his arm and told folk that this was a footballer and asked what they were doing most folk would respond that it was a goalkeeper making himself big facing a one on one.